Project Title: PROTEUS – Olm Conservation Project (Proteus anguinus)

Partners: Croatian Herpetological Society HYLA, Croatian Society for Biological Research HDBI, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb

Project Commencement Year: 2013
Status: Active
Species: Olm (Proteus anguinus)
IUCN Red List Status: Vulnerable (VU)
Species Status in Croatia (Red List): Vulnerable (VU)

Launched in 2012, the Olm Conservation Project is dedicated to protecting the olm—Europe’s only subterranean amphibian. This rare and sensitive species is increasingly threatened by habitat disturbances, particularly seasonal flooding each spring. These floods can displace many olms from their natural habitats near Trilj, close to Sinj.

The project focuses on safeguarding key habitats by constructing protective fencing designed to prevent further loss of individuals. Displaced olms are carefully counted and transferred to the Zagreb Zoo, where they receive care and become the subject of ongoing scientific research. Given the limited knowledge about the species, this research component is crucial for gathering data on the olms’ behaviour, feeding habits, and living conditions.

The veterinary aspect of the project concentrates on identifying pathogens carried by olms and assessing their risks to health. The research includes studying microorganisms that could negatively impact olms under adverse conditions, such as displacement from underground habitats. Special attention is given to pathogens like Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) and Ranavirus, known to cause mass amphibian mortality.

The project also aims to raise public awareness about the significance of the olm, its habitat, and the need for conservation. Furthermore, the project encompasses developing a species management plan and an action plan.

This initiative is a collaborative effort involving the Croatian Herpetological Society (HYLA), the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine in Zagreb, and the Biological Research Association (BIOM). It is supported by the MAVA Foundation, which has provided funding for the facilities needed to care for the olms in the zoo. This project represents a vital step towards preserving Croatia’s unique biological diversity.

For more information about this unique subterranean amphibian species, please see the brochure: LINK

Summary:
The Olm Protection Project (Proteus anguinus) was launched in 2012 to investigate the species’ biology, breeding, and health while also protecting its habitat. In collaboration with various institutions the project focuses on rescuing individuals from flooded areas, implementing protective habitat measures, and increasing public awareness about the importance of conserving this rare and unique species.  These efforts aim to support the development of an effective management and protection strategy for the olm in Croatia.